What Is PPF (Public Provident Fund)?
PPF (Public Provident Fund) is a long-term savings scheme backed by the Government of India, introduced in 1968 by the National Savings Organisation. It offers guaranteed, risk-free returns with one of the most attractive tax benefits available to Indian investors — complete EEE (Exempt-Exempt-Exempt) status.
The current PPF interest rate is 7.1% per annum (compounded annually, reviewed quarterly by the Ministry of Finance). It has a mandatory 15-year lock-in period, extendable in 5-year blocks thereafter.
PPF Maturity Calculation Formula
PPF uses annual compounding. The maturity value formula is:
M = P × [((1 + r)^n − 1) / r] × (1 + r)
Where: P = Annual contribution, r = Annual interest rate (7.1%), n = Number of years (15 minimum).
An annual contribution of ₹1.5 lakh for 15 years at 7.1% gives a maturity value of approximately ₹40.68 lakh on a total investment of ₹22.5 lakh.
PPF Tax Benefits (EEE Status)
- Investment: Deduction up to ₹1.5 lakh per year under Section 80C.
- Interest: Completely tax-free — not added to income.
- Maturity: The entire maturity amount (principal + interest) is exempt from tax.
- Wealth Tax: PPF balance is exempt from wealth tax.
PPF is the only investment that gives triple tax exemption, making it ideal for investors in the 30% income tax bracket.
Key PPF Rules for 2026
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Minimum annual deposit | ₹500 |
| Maximum annual deposit | ₹1,50,000 |
| Lock-in period | 15 years (extendable in 5-yr blocks) |
| Partial withdrawal | From 7th year onwards (up to 50% of balance) |
| Loan against PPF | Available from 3rd to 6th year |
| Eligible investors | Resident Indians only (NRIs cannot open new accounts) |